FILE HF-0003
Women Shaved in Liberated France
France (nationwide), France · Summer 1944 – 1945
As Allied forces liberated France in 1944, local crowds and Resistance committees publicly shaved the heads of an estimated 20,000 women accused of "collaboration horizontale" — relationships with German occupying soldiers — and paraded many of them through the streets, often marked with paint or swastikas, without formal trial or legal process.